Creatinine Formation and Inorg-As Biotransformation: Influence of Trace Elements

Authors

• Uttam K Chowdhury Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of Arizona, Life Sciences South, Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0106, USA.

Abstract

Recently, a study showed that urinary creatinineconcentrations (mg/L) were positively and significantly correlated withAsconcentrations, expressed as μg/L in urine (UAs) for both females and males¹. Theurinary creatinine concentrations were also positively correlated with As concentrations expressed as μg/L in blood¹. Other researchers also reported that urinary creatinine concentrations werepositively correlated with UAs concentrations expressed asμg/L^2,3. These results suggest that creatinine may influence the release of arsenic from the body with unknown mechanisms or maybe there is a correlation between the formation of creatinine and arsenic metabolism. Chowdhury UK (2021)⁴ found the important results that adjustedurinary Se, Mn, and Hg concentrations expressed as ug/g crewere significantly and negatively correlated with urinarycreatinine for both sexes. He also found a statisticallysignificant and positive correlation between Mn and Hg in urinefor both females and males (data not shown). Other studies reportedthat the combination of Mn and Hg might be more injurious tothe brain, perhaps due to their synergistic effect⁵. The effect ofHg administered or exposed on renal dysfunction has beenreported^6-8. Selenium intoxication with selenite broth resultingin acute renal failure has also been reported⁹. Therefore, Se,Mn, and/ or Hg may have inhibitory effects in renal function andforming less creatinine when increasing Se, Mn, and/or Hgconcentrations.